Operation of Socio-Technical Systems-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Effects of Organizational and Human Issues on the Operation of Socio-Technical Systems. Answer: To understand the subject of the study, it is important to know socio-technical systems; which means a working environment for both technology and people and how the two interrelate. It's usually an elaborate setup which consists of all of the following aspects (Doherty King 2005). Hardware: Mainframes, connecting networks, peripheral and workstations take center stage. Software: The aspect is based on utilities, operating systems, specific code, and application. The often are the integral parts of all the social-technical systems. The physical buildings: They also in a way embody and influence the social rules, their design also affects the way technology is handled The procedure, data and the structure of data: In term of procedure both actual and official, reporting relationships, data flow management models, documentation requirements and rules and norms all are aspects which describe are thing are handled in an organization. Regarding data, it includes how it is collected, archived and who have access to it. The advancement of technology has contributed to a greater extent on the livelihood of the modern society. And human factors in a greater depth directly relate to this issue when it comes to matters of efficiency, usability, safety, and effectiveness. Its also important to acknowledge the improvements that the two aspects have had on the socioeconomic, through the process of automating tasks which would otherwise be a bit too complex handling manually. Other much-advanced challenges are handled by the application of computer technology. The continuous need to timely completing tasks has led to more concerted efforts in harnessing greater potentials of technology (Leverson 2004). The impact is also felt on the concerned organizations that have shown a lot of support in providing the necessary financial and material support for the training of experts and engineers. In the long run, this has led to improvement in research within the framework which creates a desirable environment software engineer. The two aspects also have created a new way of looking and doing a thing, better understanding and potential improvement in earning within the specific job localities (Baxter Somerville 2011). But again, there is still much to be done; studies have shown that the effectiveness of social technical systems will increase more with the integration of both human and organizational factors. In conclusion,the organization and human issues will definitely affect the operations of an organization.Its mandatory to put up social technical systems that will there on support the operations and make sure at no particular point is any operation held because of inefficiency.The consequences of using these socio-technical systems is a better understanding of how human and organizational factors define the way work is done and how technical systems are used.With further improvements on the social-technical systems its expected to provide better support hand in hand with the human and other factors. Provide an outline of the way in which software engineers deal with project planning and risk assessment and their impact on the operation of socio-technical systems. Before embarking on this it important to note the risk that is like to crop up during the project in software development they include: the sudden requirement in functionalities, with performance new niches in tech. Other problems involved are organizational restrictions, complications, systems, and application architecture, but each of the following can be adequately mitigated as outlined below (Bider Otto 2015). It's important to understand the risks that are potential problems that can affect the success of development of a software project. Its a possibility of suffering a loss and if not well handled can lead to severe damage (Lyytinen et al 1998). But knowing is not final, methods have been developed to enable tackling them, which follows two main criteria which are risk assessment and planning. As opposed to the norm of the process being within the HR docket, the software also has the upper hand in ensuring that risk is mitigated. The process of risk assessment for software engineer involves the following steps: Establishment of context: it includes getting a whole view of the operating environment Planning: it's perhaps the most important phase.It includes formulating a plan which deals with the technical factors, for instance, understanding the architecture of the software. It includes making a blueprint of the whole project. Risk identification: it includes figuring out what encompasses a risk and can be determined through looking at the past projects and modules which offer insight on such. Analyzing; includes doing a qualitative and quantitative analysis to identify the risk. In the case of software development, it also involves a systematic analysis of various leading and contributing factors. Prioritizing and implementation; it first involves measuring the risk and putting them into ranks from those with high potency to the lowest. Then it finishes up implementation of the steps that were suggested previously. In conclusion,the above mentioned Outline gives us a glimpse on the areas that should be improved.Things are made tougher by the fact that the most complex systems are the socio technical ones.Though complex,organizations must be put in place systems in order to mitigate risks.Risk managers should consider all the four components that is task,structure,technology and actor. References Doherty, N.F. and King, M., 2005. From technical to socio-technical change: tackling the human and organizational aspects of systems development projects. Baxter, G. and Sommerville, I., 2011. Socio-technical systems: From design methods to systems engineering.Interacting with computers,23(1), pp.4-17. Leveson, N., 2004. A new accident model for engineering safer systems.Safety science,42(4), pp.237-270. Lyytinen, K., Mathiassen, L. and Ropponen, J., 1998. Attention shaping and software riska categorical analysis of four classical risk management approaches.Information Systems Research,9(3), pp.233-255. Bider, I. and Otto, H., 2015, July. Modeling a Global Software Development Project as a Complex Socio-Technical System to Facilitate Risk Management and Improve the Project Structure. InGlobal Software Engineering (ICGSE), 2015 IEEE 10th International Conference on(pp. 1-12). IEEE.